Cull cows & bulls

National daily direct cow and bull trade · USDA AMS · Wed, Aug 19

What cows and bulls brought

Aug 19

Cull cows are not a rounding error. For most cow-calf operations the cows and bulls that leave the herd each year are a real share of the money that comes in — and unlike the calf crop, they sell into a market that reports every single day.

Today the average cow sold dressed brought $326.35/cwt against a cow cutout of $350.59.

ClassDressedvs prior dayHeadLiveHead
Breaker (75% lean)$308.63+2.15459$158.0714
Boner (85% lean)$326.83−1.421,620$165.5725
Cutter (90% lean)$324.93−8.533,086$137.55119
Premium White$320.82−2.101,588$158.4684
Bull (92% lean)$370.02+1.30470
Dressed is the market — 8.7M head trade dressed against 387,000 live. A lower lean number is a fatter cow. Change is against Aug 18.
Reading the classes

A thin live quote can move on a handful of cows, which is why the dressed price leads. The two are never averaged together — they are different weight bases. Dressed combines FOB and delivered, which USDA reports as two halves of the same market. Classes are USDA's, graded on lean percentage.

Cow cutout

Aug 19
Cutout value USDA
$350.59
5.86 on the day
per cwt, dressed
Average cow sold Derived
$326.35
all classes, weighted by head
7,223 head dressed
Gross spread Derived
+$24.24
cutout − cow cost
Before kill costs and the drop credit
Loads traded
49.2
boner 15.4 · cutter 4.8 · lean 19.5
The spread is gross, not a packer profit — before kill cost and before the drop credit.
What the cow cutout is

The beef that comes off cull cattle — the grinding and processing beef that ends up as hamburger, not the steaks off a fed steer. Both figures here are dressed weight, so they compare directly.

Receipts

Aug 19
National, today
7,473
233 vs a year ago
Week ago 7,044 · year ago 7,706
Southwest
3,137
365 vs a year ago
Week ago 2,519
Northwest
2,506
544 vs a year ago
Week ago 2,561
Eastern Area
1,830
54 vs a year ago
Week ago 1,964
Heavier receipts mean herds are culling deeper; lighter means cows are being kept. Read against last year, not last week — a holiday shortens a kill week. Drought is usually why.

By region

Dressed · Aug 19
ClassEASTERN AREANORTHWESTSOUTHWEST
Breaker (75% lean)$334.19 31 hd$302.14 72 hd$310.95 303 hd
Boner (85% lean)$324.94 189 hd$321.83 310 hd$334.00 817 hd
Cutter (90% lean)$321.24 678 hd$327.25 342 hd$344.55 634 hd
Premium White$320.78 80 hd$316.52 577 hd$322.89 439 hd
Bull (92% lean)$365.69 61 hd$376.29 174 hd$369.32 209 hd
A dash means USDA published nothing for that class and region that day.
Why a cell is blank, and what a region is

Either no cattle of that description traded, or too few buyers reported for the price to be printed without identifying one of them. Regions are USDA's own areas for this report and do not match the fed cattle regions.

Cow and bull price against the cutout

Weekly · through Aug 17
How close the cow price runs to the beef it becomes. All dressed weight, averaged to the week — daily is too noisy to read across four years.
Mon Aug 19, 2024Mon Aug 17, 2026 · 105 weeks · $/cwt dressed
$200$250$300$350$400202420252026
Bull 92%Cutter 90%Boner 85%Premium WhiteBreaker 75%Cow cutout
Class prices are weighted by head. The cow cutout is a plain weekly mean, because USDA publishes it as a single daily value with no volume attached. A line breaks where a class went unreported that week rather than bridging the gap.

About this page

USDA AMS LM_CT103 and LM_XB405, daily since May 2022.
Sources and method

LM_CT103 is the National Daily Direct Cow and Bull Report; LM_XB405 is the daily cow cutout. Both publish each business day. Prices are weighted averages: SUM(price × head) ÷ SUM(head).

Figures marked USDA are as reported; those marked Derived are our arithmetic on USDA numbers, with the method stated beside them. This site is not affiliated with, nor endorsed by, the USDA.