Bred stock & pairs

Bred cows, bred heifers and cow-calf pairs at USDA-reported auctions · week to Aug 17

What bred stock is bringing

Week to Aug 17

This is the price of staying in business. A bred cow is not a commodity you sell — she is the one you have to buy back to keep the herd the size it was. When bred stock runs dear, rebuilding costs more than the calves it will produce are worth, and the herd keeps shrinking.

Every figure is dollars a head. Bred stock and pairs are bought by the head, never by the hundredweight — the two are separate markets and are never averaged here.

Bred Cows Derived
$3,212
$421 vs prior week
2,931 head this week · $3,011 over 120 days
Bred Heifers Derived
$3,860
$352 vs prior week
298 head this week · $3,843 over 120 days
Cow-Calf Pairs Derived
$3,532
$178 vs prior week
590 head this week · $3,995 over 120 days
Heifer Pairs Derived
$3,435
$370 vs prior week
10 head this week · $5,067 over 120 days
Weighted average, SUM(price × head) ÷ SUM(head), across every USDA-reported auction selling that class. Priced per head: only rows USDA marks “Per Unit” are included, which is how bred stock and pairs trade. Stock cows are not on this page at all — they sell by the hundredweight, and putting them beside a $3,000 bred cow would be meaningless.

Bred cows by stage and age

Last 120 days
What a buyer pays for a cow closer to calving, and what age costs. Measured over 120 days rather than one week — a single week has too few head in each cell to say anything.
Pregnancy stageYoung/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)Aged (>8 yrs)Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)Young (2-4 yrs)
1st Stage (1-3 mo)$2,639 2,847 hd$2,228 2,278 hd$2,586 2,368 hd$2,821 1,161 hd
2nd Stage (4-6 mo)$3,042 6,028 hd$2,506 4,536 hd$3,033 5,895 hd$3,473 2,514 hd
2nd/3rd Stage (4-9 mo)$3,372 5,030 hd$2,854 2,398 hd$3,250 531 hd$3,580 666 hd
3rd Stage (7-9 mo)$3,229 2,432 hd$3,075 2,563 hd$3,471 3,143 hd$4,012 2,383 hd
Stage and age descriptions are USDA's own, as the barn reported them. A dash means no cows of that description sold in the window. Only the four most-traded stages and ages are shown; the long tail of one-off descriptions is left out.

Bred cows, week by week

Apr 20Aug 17
$2,641$2,978$3,315
Complete weeks only, weighted by head. Bred cow volume is thin compared with the feeder trade — a few hundred head in a week — so a single large consignment moves the line. Read the head count beside each figure.

Bred cows by state

Last 120 days
StateAverageHead
IL$4,066213
NE$3,9852,436
WY$3,6241,159
MT$3,578933
KS$3,5512,750
MO$3,16613,077
MS$3,0762,597
UT$2,935158
AR$2,9221,542
WA$2,887170
TX$2,8741,631
OK$2,8447,248
KY$2,7764,527
TN$2,7672,154
AL$2,7663,602
NM$2,7252,630
GA$2,6623,513
NY$2,65581
WV$2,517288
NC$2,3611,151
SC$2,295734
This is not a like-for-like ranking — quality and age mix differ by state. Use the stage and age table above for that.
Why a state is missing

States with fewer than 50 head over the window are left out — an average built on a handful of cows is a lot price, not a state price.

About this page

USDA AMS auction reports, our weighted averages marked Derived.
Where to go next

Related: cull cows and bullsfor the other end of a cow's life, sale barns for the individual reports these averages are built from, and drought for what drives the rebuild. This site is not affiliated with, nor endorsed by, the USDA.